12v toaster available?

[B+W vanman]

Electro magnetic force?

Since there are no free electrons in vacuum for the current to flow, nor any other particles or molecules to smash into, how is the current traveling to create an arc in vacuum?

Interesting question ain’t it!
I think the answer is it is composed of electrons moving one way and positively charged ions from the anode the other.

 

[Jimbohorlicks]

Interesting question ain’t it!
I think the answer is it is composed of electrons moving one way and positively charged ions from the anode the other.

It still won't make toast though

 

[Tombola]

Ive used my cheap 2 slice 240v one vis the inverter for years no problems with large drain, as is only on for 3 - 5 minutes every morning.

 

[B+W vanman]

It still won't make toast though

Think you’d be toast if you got in the way……….

 

[NR]

The current draw would be so great your Motorhome would be crispy before the bread!!

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[meanders]

Possibly my knowledge is a little out of date, but my understanding is that applying a very high voltage to a cathode with the anode exposed within the same vacuum is thought to cause electrons to jump from the cathode to then recollide with it creating lots of heat and thereby causing further electrons to jump. At a given activity level a visible plasma is formed that will then jump to the anode causing the arc.

The amount of power that needs to be applied to create it is many times more than in air and most other gases. Another factor is if the voltage is frequency modulated on top of the raw DC voltage. At high RF modulations, the plasma forms easier.

If you have ever worked with high power RF transmitters with valves in the output, you are likely to have witnessed such arc's within the valve (itself a vacuum tube) generally just before it fails with often spectacular results.

As I say at the beginning, my knowledge in this area may now be old hat!

 

[L' Hobo]

We dry fry in a fairly heavy frying pan. Works fine and one less gadget to carry.

I do mine on a cast iron flat griddle plate at the same time I cook my eggs and bacon.

Just use butter and the mixture with the bacon fat improves the taste.

Downside, the bread has to be cut flat, so I use Hovis wholemeal thick cut.

 

[Happy Jack]

What does electricity weigh? Please remind me, it seems to have slipped my mind, as does the relationship between amps and EHU?

Electrickary consists of electrons whizzing about.
They have mass although miniscule therefore they do have weight here on earth.

 

[B+W vanman]

Possibly my knowledge is a little out of date, but my understanding is that applying a very high voltage to a cathode with the anode exposed within the same vacuum is thought to cause electrons to jump from the cathode to then recollide with it creating lots of heat and thereby causing further electrons to jump. At a given activity level a visible plasma is formed that will then jump to the anode causing the arc.

The amount of power that needs to be applied to create it is many times more than in air and most other gases. Another factor is if the voltage is frequency modulated on top of the raw DC voltage. At high RF modulations, the plasma forms easier.

If you have ever worked with high power RF transmitters with valves in the output, you are likely to have witnessed such arc's within the valve (itself a vacuum tube) generally just before it fails with often spectacular results.

As I say at the beginning, my knowledge in this area may now be old hat!

No, I think that is a reasonable summation!

 

[Rog NotJane]

I think electricity is the movement of electrons through a conductor, and as electrons have mass, then the first statement cannot be true, even though electricity does travel at a speed very close to that of light.

If you do the sums, I think you get to ±3M/s for electrons and electrons holes moving in a copper conductor 60hz/240v it’s not really a useful way to think of electricity though.

It's actualy a domino reaction due to the caracteristics of copper atom: one extra free negative charged electron that starts the chain reaction in a close corcuit, the minute you aply voltage/ potential. The electrons gives the energy to the load and return to source to re energise.
The weight is constant trough out the conductor, as the flow is continuous in a circuit, there is never free space. All space is taken by next electron. A bit like a circular hose with water in, and a pump is pushing it arround. Weight of conductor remains constant.

This is a fairly classical view of electricity. Electrons are not really particles jumping from one atom to another and knocking each other down a row of copper atoms. The copper wire is more like a wave guide for electromagnetic energy to move via changes in the electromagnetic field. The velocity that this field moves though the conductor is very high but less than (maybe 80% of?) the speed of light in vacuum.

Also, I realise we’ve strayed a long way from 12v toasters. The first answers were more useful: the amps mean thick cables - you’d need something like a baby’s arm.

Edit: do not use an actual baby’s arm to complete any electrical circuit - even if it is 12v

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[Rog NotJane]

Since there are no free electrons in vacuum for the current to flow, nor any other particles or molecules to smash into, how is the current traveling to create an arc in vacuum?

I don’t really know the answer to this but I think there are two cases:

1. It stops being a vacuum. The anode and eventually the cathode heat up enough to start producing plasma through with the em field can propagate.
2. There is enough energy that electron tunneling occurs and the EM field propagates through that.

Thinking about it, maybe 1 needs more energy than 2.

 

[Tombola]

Only on MHF would a question about a 12v toaster turn into electrons whizzing around in a vaccum, and plasma

 

[MrPG]

He was literally a 'Rocket Scientist' which makes him fairly clever.

Lithium Batteries were invented (in the UK) in the early 1970's and developed into a usable product (in Japan) in the 1990's.
von Braun died in the mid 1970's, so missed the invention.

Rocket Engineer

 

[SwissBob]

We run a kettle and toaster via the inverter. Both are low wattage versions from Action (think Lidl but cheaper) 800w each. Toasting uses less than 3% of our 135 ah lifepo4. Kettle uses dead on 5%.